Reproducing machine for film records



July 16, 1935. M. NYSTROM REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS I Filed Aug. 26, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 H H HH M. NYSTROM REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS July 16, 1935.

Filed Aug. 26, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 2219' Z July 16, 1935. M. NYSTROM REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Filed Aug. 26, 1931 S-Sheets-Sheet 3 s xmQ July 16, 1935. M. NYSTROM REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Filed Aug. 26, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 ham/07' July 16, 1935. M. NYSTROM REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Filed Aug. 26, 1951 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 I jVW/ZfOf Nam:

July 16, 1935. NYSTROM I 2,008,033

' REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Filed Aug. 26, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 may fm/emor Marzzz 19552 0222 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 a @amzzz M. NYSTROM REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Filed Aug. 26, 1931 July 16, 1935.

- Jul 16, 1935.

M. NYSTROM I 2,008,033

REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Filed Aug. 26, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 jay/s2 45 July 16, 1935.

M. NYSTROM 2,008,033 REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Filed Aug. 26, 1931 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 0 3 v \L/ Z00 \i 7 fizz/222262 m I Mm; A w/m IIII I i Patented July 16, 1935 UNITED STATES JPZATENT OFFICE REPRODUCING MACHINE FOR FILM RECORDS Martin Nystrom, Chicago, 111., assignor to United Research Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Application August 26,

22 Claims.- My invention chine for film records and particularly to a removable film magazine for the machine.

Heretofore it has been the practice for those who use film reproducing machines for home entertainment to rent films from commercial agencies having film libraries. A factor tending to make this custom expensive has been the damage to films by inexperienced or careless op-' larger fee had to be charged than would be necessary for a single exhibition. Formerly also the operator was apt to exhibit a film more frequently than was really necessary as the additional showings did not cost him additional fees. With my apparatus therefore the wear and tear of films incidental to unnecessary exhibitions will be eliminated.

A further object of my invention is to provide counting mechanism of the type referred to associated with picture film feed mechanism in which it is unnecessary to rewind the film after pictures have been exhibited but rather during theprojectingoperation the film is prepared for further exhibiting.

A further object of the invention is to prevent the empty spool in a film magazine from being associated with the reproducing machine in film feeding position. a

A further object of the invention is to store in a pocket in a removable magazine, a loop of film to be threaded through the machine.

A further object of the invention is to accommodate on the machine a magazine in reversible positions to permit the reproduction of a plurality of series of records. Preferably, this is accomplished while preventing the magazine from being improperly positioned on the machine, and/or while automatically stopping the machine when the end of the reccrd is reached. 4

Other Objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.

Referring to the accompanying drawings;

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a marelates to a reproducing ma-v 1931, Serial No. 559,392 (Cl. 88-16) chine embodying my invention, the front doors of the cabinet being broken away.

on the line IIIIII of 5 portion of the cabinet being sectional views taken on VII-VII and IX-IX re- Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic view of automatic v mechanism for bition of a film.

Fig. 11 is a sectio XIXI of Fig. 8.

opening a switch after the exhial view taken on the line Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view showing intermittent film feed mechanism in elevation and adjacent portions of the aperture gate in section.

Fig, 13 is a detail view of a cleat (constituting part of the automatic switch opening mechanism) secured to a film, the latter being shown broken away.

Fig. 14 is a detail view of a spindle and a bearing therefor constituting a portion of film rewinding mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a diagram of the motor and proiection lamp circui Fig. 16 is a horizontal sectional view of an adapter for the exhibiting of single films showing also in section the front panel of the machine illustrated in Figs. 1 to 15 inc. I

Fig. 17 is detail elevational view of the adapter shown in Fig. 16, film feeding mechanism being illustrated in section, and

Fig. 18 is a sectional view of a guide roller and associated parts in the adapter.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, a motor I and most of the parts of the projecting mechanism are housed within a cabinet 2, on the front panel 3 of which is mounted a casing l constituting a magazine for a film 5. A lid 8 on the cabinet 2 overlies a turntable I for the playing of phonograph records as an accompaniment to the exhibition.

The casing 4 is portable (Fig. 8) and has a cover 8 (Fig. 9) provided with a peripheral flange III. For securing the cover 8 a pair of lugs II on the flange ID are disposed in openings l2 inside of the casing 4 and a look I! on the cover has a bolt I l which is received in a keeper IS in a spacing sleeve l8 secured as an independent unit to rotate with the spool i8 resting on a base to the casing i and extending between it and the cover 8.

The lock it may be turned by a key (not shown) which ordinarily will be retained by the film library or other agency which distributes the films.

The casing ii is supported on the cabinet'by a pair of studs it which are mounted on standards iii which also supports the motor 6. The studs ii extend through spacing sleeves i6 and 28 and at their ends are provided with heads 2% which may be moved manually into locked or unlocked position and when locked are retained in this condition by pistons 22 which are held in engagement with the heads 2i by springs 23;.

The film 5 is secured to spools 2d and 25 each comprising side plates connected by a cylinder 2%.

As illustrated the spool 2 is in position to be unwound. Its side plates have apertures 21 which receive a spindle 28 extending through holes 29) in the casing t. A key 3b is pivotally mounted in a slot ii in the spindle 2B and is forced outwardly by a spring 252 and into one of a pair of notches 35 so that the spindle 28 will be caused 243. I The spindle 28 is journaled in a bearing 35 on a standard 35 secured to the base is and has a head 36 against which a compression spring 3? bears, the spring is? holding a friction in engagement with the bearing 36 so as to put a slight drag on the spool 2% as it is unwound.

The spool 26 is prevented from moving longitudinally of the spindle 28 by circular corrugations 55 on the casing 5i and its cover 8.

The outer portion of the spindle 28 is square in cross section to adapt it for use also with a standard film spool (Fig. 16).

The film 5 extends from the spool 24 underneath guide rollers 40 and (ii (Figs. 8 and 10) over a sprocket drum 42 and upwardly between guides 43 and 44 the latter having lugs 45 (Figs. 4 and 8) engaging the edge of the film 5. Thence the film 5 extends out of an opening 46 in the casing 4 and is looped upwardly and then descends behind a roller 41 and between the panel 3 and a shoe 48 (Fig. 12). The shoe 48 is carried by the aperture gate 50 which is hinged to the panel 3 at 5i.

The film 5 extends downwardly behind a roller 52 and is formed into a loop, and reenters the casing 4 being guided to and along the sprocket drum 42 by guiding devices similar to those described as being above the drum 5!.

The guide roller 40 rotates on a stud 53 which is connected by a, guide plate 54 to a stud 55 for a roller 56, the guide plate 54 serving to prevent the accidental escape of the film 5 from its pmper course.

From the roller 56 the film spool 25 on which it is being wound.

When the casing 4 is detached from the cabinet'2 the portions of the film which in use extend exteriorly of the casing 4 may be folded into it as shown in Fig. 8. A pair of closure members 5! and 58 hinged on the casing 4 have lateral 5 maven to the flanges 59 which in closed position partially enclose the film in the pocket between the sprocket 42 and the doors 51 and 58. A-latch 60 secures the closure members in this position.

The limitations of space within the casing -4 are such that the spools :24 and 25 can only move laterally a short distance within the casing 4 when it is in portable condition and consequently.

washer 38' which is retained on the stud 68 by a washer a sence the casing i can be readily assembled on the cablnet 2 the spindle 28 being holes 29 in the casing and the apertures it in the spool 25, The spool 25 may be similariy assem bled on a spindle 5i.

The film 5 is of approximately double width and has two series 62 and 53 of pictures thereon, the order of the series in one strip being reversed with respect to the other. "Accordingly after one series is exhibited, and the film 5 is wound up on the spool 25, it is unnecessary to rewind the film, but it may be withdrawn from the aperture gate 5G in an obvious manner and the casing ti may be reversed in position. The film 5 may then be reintroduced behind the aper ture gate 5!: and the other series of pictures may be displayed.

The lens 66 in the aperture gate 59 is centered with respect'to the left hand series of pictures as viewed in Fig. 1.

The number of exhibitions of the film is automatically counted by mechanism including a dial 55 having numerals thereon which are brought into registry with a window 66 of isinglass or the like substance in the casing 3. The

dial is integral with a ratchet wheel Bl ro-.

tatably mounted on a stud 88 secured to the casing i. The numerals on the dial may run from i to 2d and there is a corresponding number of teeth ill on the ratchet wheel. These are engageable by a pawl ll pivoted on an arm H. A tension spring 13 connected to the pawl H and to a fixed lug l4 tends to move the arm E2 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1. An arm l5 engages the film 5 on the spool 2 and as the film 5 unwinds the arms'lZ and'i5 are permitted threaded through the to move in a clockwise direction. This continues until the pawl ll falls behind the next succeeding tooth lid of the ratchet wheel til and immediately thereafter the end of the arm 12 engages a stop it. The film 5 continues to unwind without further movement of the arms 12 and 15.

When the operator reverses the casing 45 the film 5 is fed from the spool 25 to the spool 2 as previously described and during this operation the coils of film on the spool 25 are brought into engagement with the arm '85 moving it' in a counter clockwise direction and advancing the ratchet wheel Bl an angular distance corresponding' to a single tooth Hi. This brings the next succeeding numeral on the dial 65 into registry with the window 66.

In order to adapt the counting device for use with films of difierent lengths, the arms 12 andv T5 are made adjustable with' respect to each other. For this purpose a sleeve 11 is provided 18 which is secured by a screw 80.

The sleeve 11 has a collar 8! interposed between the arms 12 and. 15. A washer spring 82 is compressed between the arm 15 and a ring 83 which is staked on the sleeve 11 or otherwise suitably secured.

I The spring 82 forces the arm 12 against a washer 84 which is keyed on the stud 68 nd prevents the clockwise movement of the arm 5 from being transmitted to the ratchet wheel 61.

When spools are first assembled in the casing 4 and it is desired to adjust the counting device in correspondence with the length of the particular film, the arm 12 is moved manually to an extreme counter clockwise position determined by a stop 85. The dial 65 is then moved to a zero reading and the arm. I5 is moved in. a clockwise direction until it engages the film. The

pivot 88. The lever pivot 88. A tension spring spring 82 produces suflicient friction between the arms 12 and 15 to maintain them in predetermined relative position during'the counting operation.

Devices are provided having the dual function of automatically stopping the projection machine after the exhibition of a picture strip and also of preventing the casing 4 from being as sembled on the cabinet 2 with the wrong end of the casing disposed upwardly.

A cleat 86 (Figs. 10 and 13) is secured to the film 5 near its point of attachment to the spool 24 and in the travel of the film 5 this is brought into engagement with a lever 81 mounted on a 81 engages a pin 80 which extends through apertures 9| and 92 in the casing 4 and the panel 3 respectively. The pin 90 is carried by a switch lever 93 for closingcontacts 94.

A tension spring 95 secured to the pin 90 and to a projection 96 on the panel which tends to hold the switch lever 93 in circuit closing position is counteracted by a tension. spring 91 secured at 98 to the casing and at I to an arm of a bell crank lever IOI which turns on the I02 is secured to a pin I03 on the lever 81 and to a lug I04 on the bell crank lever IM and normally holds the lever 81 in engagement with the lug I04 (Figs. 8 and The extreme counter clockwise position 01' the lever 81 when engaged with the pin 90 is determined by the size of the aperture 9I, in which the pin 90 moves but when the casing 4 is removed from the cabinet 2 the lever 01 moves forward till the bell crank lever IOI engages a stop I05 on the casing 4. At this time the end of the lever 81 completely closes the aperture 9I and consequently the casing can not be assembled with the cabinet' in the position formerly occupied as the pin 90 cannot beinserted into the aperture 9I.- To assemble the casing 4 on the cabinet 2 it is therefore necessary to reverse it v After reversal ofthe casing the lever 81 and associated parts occupy the position illustrated in Fig. 8 in connection with similar mechanism located on the opposite side of the sprocket drum 42. At this time the cieat 86 occupies the position of a similar cleat I06.

With the mechanism in this condition, when the movement of the film 5 is started the cleat 86 is guided towards the sprocket drum 42 and is brought into engagement with the end of the bell crank lever IN, the lug I04 on which rocks the lever 81. After the spring 91 passes the dead center position it snaps the lever 81 into engagement with the stop I05. This opens the aperture 9| sd that on the completion of the cycle of operations including the display of both series 62 and 63 of pictures, the casing 4 may be'again reversed and assembled in the position shown in Fig. 1. l

' If {the casing should-be improperly tampered with, as by the insertion of a tool into the aperture 9| when the lever 81 covers the aperture, it would be possible to swing the lever into the position shown in Fig. 8 but the spring I02 would at once return the lever to its previous position on the removal of the tool. This make the apparatus fool proof.

When the lever 01 is in the position shown in Fig. 10 if the casing 4 is removed, the switch lever 93 is permitted to move slightly under the action of the spring 95. It does not however reach cirfeature tends to sprocket drum 42 has clutch elements I23 cult closing position as it engages a cam I01 pivoted at I08 on the panel 3. nected by a link I09 to a manual control lever I I0 pivoted on the panel 3. When the lever I I8 is moved in a counter clockwise direction after the casing 4 is assembled on the cabinet 2 the cam I01 is rocked until an ear III on the switch lever 83 which rides along the surface of the cam I01 drops into a notch I I 2 in the cam I01 thus closing the switch. When the switch lever 93 is moved to the position shown in Fig. I0 in the manner described, a tension spring I I3 connected to the link I09 and to the panel 3 at once moves the cam I01 to the position shown in this figure, the limit of movement being determined by a stop II4 which is engageable by the lever H0.

The cover 8 has an aperture II5 therein for a purpose similar to aperture 9|.

The spindle 6| on which the spool 25 (Fig. 1, 4 and 6) is mounted is similar to the spindle except that it has no frictional retarding device but instead carries a pulley. II 6. A driving belt II1 which slips when the tension on the film reaches a certain degree and thus prevents breakage of the films extends from the pulley I I6 to a pulley I I8 on a shaft H9. The spindle 6| is journaled in a bearing I20 mounted on the base I9.

The shaft I I9 has a clutch element I2I thereon which is forced outwardly by a spring I22. The and I24 thereon, one at each end for cooperating with the clutch element I 2I and is provided with a recess I25 which receives a hollow bearing i26 secured to the casing 4. A screw I21 directed through the drum 42 into a circular recess I28 in the bearing I26 prevents axial movement of the drum 42.

The shaft II8 has a gear I30 thereon which meshes with a pinion on a shaft l3! (Figs. 4, 5 and 6) carrying a gear I32 for operating intermittent film feed mechanism.

The gear I32 drives a gear I33 (Figs. 6 and 12) on a shaft I 34 on which is mounted a cam I35 disposed between a pair of flanges on a lever I35. The lever I36 has a longitudinal guide slot I31 receiving a pivot I38 and carries a pair of claws I40 which are engageable in rows 64! and I42 of perforations in the film 5. The film 5 has also a row I43 of perforations and when it is reversed the claws 540 operate in rows 142 and I43. A gear I44 on the shaft I34 meshes with a gear I45 on a shaft M5 which carries a cam I41 positioned between flanges I48 on the lever E36 wnereby a rapid longitudinal movement of the lever is produced. This assures a short pull down interval. A single casting I50 constitutes bearings for the shafts I34 and I48 and a support for the pivot I38.

The shaft I3I carries at its other end a fan ISI for circulating air through a ventilating conduit I52 in which. a projection lamp I53 is housed. A clutch member I54 slidable on the shaft I3I I55 which is rigid with a gear I56 meshing with a gear I51 on a motor shaft I58.

For driving the turntable 1 at a relatively low speed say 33 ,4; R. P. M. as an accompaniment to the exhibition reduction gearing I60 is pro-- vided which connects the motor shaft I58 to a spindle I6Iv journaled in a bearing I62 on a standard I63. The turntable 1 has a hub I64 removably mounted on the spindle I6I.

is engagcable with a clutch member The cam I01 is con- Phonograph records can, however, be played independently of the for this purpose a projection mechanism and high speed spindle I is provided, journaled in a bearing ltd on a standard lfi'l and connected by gearing l'iil to the motor shaft let. The operator can lift the turntable bodily from the spindle ltl and place it on the spindle its.

In the latter position the projection mechanism is inoperative. As the hub ltd is lowered it engages and moves a roller lid (Figs. 2 and 6) on a lever ill which is rigid with a. rock shaft H2 (Figs. 4, 5 and 6) journaled in a bearing H3. Motion is thus transmitted to an arm llll on the rock shaft which is connected to the clutch member liil and the latter is moved against the action of a spring. l'lii into inoperative position.

At the same time current to the projection lamp it?! is cut 05. Fig; shows the position of the switches at this time. Current flows from a line conductor lit through a switch ill a conductor lit, the motor l and a line conductor B86.

The lever l'lfi has a pin and slot connection it?! with a leverm2 in a box We which controls the switch ill and a switch lill. This is shown in Fig. 2 wherein the switch llll, similar to the switch i843 not here illustrated, is mounted on shaft ill and is movable to the right against contact ltd to close the circuit W5, and is movable to the left against contact M8 to close the circuit H8. Switch ltd is similarly mounted directly behind switch ill on shaft ill and operates in an obvious manner when these switches are shut to the right to close the circuits between lines let and let.

When the turntable l is lifted from the spindle H55 the lever ill is restored to its original position (Fig. 2) and ii switch lever 93 is moved by manual control lever i it to circuit closing position, current will travel from the line conductor H6 through the switch ill, a conductor ltd, the switch lever 93, a conductor ltd a transformer. Mil coupled to the projection lamp 953, a con ductor led the switch wi l and the'llne conductor Etc. The motor l is in parallel with respect to the transformer it'll and the switch ltd.

If desired instead of using the casing i and the double film 5 described, a single film lei may be substituted. For this purpose an adapter is? (Figs. 16, 17 and 18) is provided which is located on the panel 3 by spacers 593 having reduced ends ass which are received in holes "E95. (me of the studs ill extends through a sleeve its for holding the adapter 552 securely in position. The square portions of the spindles v 28 and ti project through apertured bosses Hill on the adapter i532 and support the spools Hi8 and 286.

The film till is directed from the spool i98 onto a drum till by a guide 292. 'i'he guide it? is mounted on a pivot 203 on which a torsion spring 2% is coiled, tending to force the guide 262 into the position shown in Fig. 17. A hollow roller 2% is mounted between flanges 23% on the guide and receives a plunger is? which is held in a perforation 268 by a spring 2 i ii. Ehe plunger Sill may be retracted by a finger piece iii to permit adjustment of the film l-Ql and may be swung upwardly until the plunger 2st is received in a perforation M2.

The sprocket drum it! is journaled in a bearing 253 and connected to a shaft 2M3.

From the sprocket drum Zill the film till is directed upwardly into a loop by a guide 2% whence it is drawn past the aperture gate 56 by the intermittent feed. mechanism described.

Immediately adjacent the aperture gate to is aooaoes film 5.

. For rewinding single films a flexible shaft 2228 (Figs. 1 and 5) is employed which connects the spindle it? to a pulley 222 mounted in the lower portion of the cabinet 2. A belt 223 extends from the pulley 222 to a pulley 226 on a spindle 225 for rotating a spool 22%. A spool 221 from which the film is unwound is mounted on a spindle 223 which is journaled'in a bearing 23d and has a collar 23E engaging a washer 232 of leather or other material suitable for producing a slight frictional action.

My invention is not limited to the specific details of the embodiment illustrated and described which may be modified extensively without departing from the spirit of the invention. For instance instead of the double film 55, two separate films could be used in the casing l. These would be exhibited by reversing the casing in the manner described. A substantial range of equivalents is contemplated within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, film spools therein, counting means secured to said magazine to be transported therewith including a member responsive to the movement of the film for indicating the number of times said film has been projected; and means for detachably securing the magazine to said projecting machine.

2. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, a spool therein having a, film thereon, means in said magazine for 51-- multaneously feeding said him from said spool and preparing it to be reied, counting means secured to said magazine to be transported therewith including a member responsive to the amount of the film on said spool for indicating the number of times said film has been projected, and. means for detachably securing said magazine to the projecting machine.

3. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, a pair of spools therein having two series of pictures wound thereon, one of said series of pictures being reversed with respect to the other, means for feeding said series of pictures simultaneously in the same direction and for projecting one of said series of pictures, means for winding said series of pictures on one of said spools as it is unwound from the other, counting means secured to said magazine to be transported therewith including a member actuable directly by the movement of said picture series for indicating the number or" times one of said picture series has been projected, and means for reversibly securing said magazine to said projecting means to permit said magazine to be reversed after the projection of one of said picture series so that the other of said picture series may be projected.

4. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a casing, a pair of spools completely enclosed thereby having two series of pictures thereon side by side, one of said series of pictures being reversed with respect to the other, means for feeding said picture series simultaneously in the same direction and for projecting one of said series of pictures, means for winding said picture series on one of said spools as it is unwound from the other, counting means secured within said casing to be transported therewith including a member actuable directly by the movement of said picture series for indicating the number of times one of said picture series has been projected, and means for reversibly securing said casing to said projecting means to permit said casing to be reversed after the projection of one of said series of pictures so that the other series may be projected.

5. Ina picture projecting machine, the combination of a casing, a pair of spools enclosed thereby having two series of pictures thereon, one of said series of pictures being reversed with respect to the other, means in said casing for feeding said picture series simultaneously in the same direction from one of sad spools, means exterior of said casing for driving the first mentioned means and for projecting one of said series of pictures, means operable by the second mentioned means for rotating one of said spools and thereby winding up said picture series, the first mentioned means being operative to advance the projected portion of said one of said picture series and also the other thereof to said one of said spools, means for reversibly supporting said casing whereby said seres may be projected one after the other, and counting means on said casing automatically operable by the movement of said picture series to indicate the number of times a series of pictures has been projected.

6. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a casing, a spool therein having a film thereon extending exteriorly of' said casing, means exterior of said casing for projecting the pictures on said film, said means including a light aperture and means for guiding said film past sad aperture, said film extending back into said casing from said aperture, means in said casing for winding said film to prepareit for projection immediately after the entire length of film has passed said aperture, counting means on said casing for indicating the number of times said film has been projected, and means for detachably securing said casing to the projecting machine.

7. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, means for detachably securing said magazine to the project ng machine, said magazine comprising a pair of spools having a film extending from one to theother, electrically operable means detachable from said spools for winding said film off one of. said spools and onto the other and for projecting the record on said film, means for detachably securing said spools to said electrically operable means, said electrically operable means including a power control switch, a member insaid magazineand movable to actuate said switch and move it to off position, means operable by the movement of said film to actuate said member, and an automatic guard for preventing said magazine from being placed on the projector with an empty spool in film feeding position.

8. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a casing, a pair of spools therein having film with a pair of picture series extend ng from one spool to the other, one of the series of pictures being reversed with respect to the other, means for feeding and rewinding said film, means for projecting one of said picture series, means for reversibly securing said casing ,to the first mentioned means to permit the projection of one series after the other, and a film controlled guard for preventing said casing from being assembled with respect to the first mentioned means with an empty spool in film feeding position.

9. In a picture nation of a magazine, ,a pair of spols in said magazine having film with a pair of picture series extending from one to the other, one of the series of pictures being reversed with respect to the other, electrically operable means-for unwinding said film from one of said spools and winding it on the other, means for projecting one of said picture series, said means including a power control switch, means operable by the movement of said film after the projection of the last mentioned one 01' said series to move said switch to off position and stop the operation of said electrically operable means, means for reversibly securing said magazine to said electrically operable means to permit the projection of the other series, the third mentioned means also being operable by the movement of said film after theprojection of the last mentioned other series to move said switch to off position, and a film controlled guard for preventing said magazine from being assembled with said electrically operable means excepting with the wound up film in position for beginning the projecting operation.

10. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, a film counter therefor comprising counting mechanism having a movable member, a film spool upon which film is adapted to be wound and from which film is adapted to be unwound, means for'mounting said member to rest upon the film wound on said spool, 'means whereby said member is adapted to actuate said counting mechanism when the amount of film on said spool reaches apredetermined amount to count the number of projections of the film, and means for detachably connecting said magazine to the picture projecting machine.

projecting machine, the combi-- 11. In a picture projecting machine, the com nism for said device, an actuating device for said operating mechanism, a film spool in said magazine having film thereon, the position of said actuating device being responsive to the amount of film on said spool to count the number of projections of the film, means for varying the relation between said actuating device and said operating mechanism to count the number of projections of films of different lengths, and means for detachably securing said magazine to the projecting machine.

12. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a film magazine comprising a pair of film spools at one side of said magazine, a pocket at the other side of said magazine for storing a loop of film from said spools, means for supporting said spools for rotation about separated axes a single supply and take-up sprocket between said spools and said pocket for feeding film from one of said spools to said pocket and for removing film from said pocket to the other of said spools, means for opening said pocket to permit access to said loop, and means for detachably securing said magazine to the projecting machine.

13. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a film magazine comprising a pair of film spools at one side of said magazine, a pocket at the other side of said magazine for storing a loop of film from said spools, a supply and take-up 'spocket between said spools and said pocket for sov receiving and feeding him from one of said spools to said pocket and for receiving and removing film from said pocket to the other of said spools,

means for opening said pocket to permit access to said loop, film guides between said sprocket and said pocket, and means for detachably securing said magazine to the projecting machine.

14. In a film machine, the combination of a magazine, film spools therein, film on said spools and having a plurality of laterally disposed series of records, counting means secured to said magazine for counting the number of record reproductions from said film, and means for detachably securing said magazine to the machine in a plurality of difierent positions each of which is adapted to permit the reproduction of one of said series of records.

15. in a iilm machine, the combination of a magazine, film spools therein, film on said spools and having two laterally disposed series of records one of which is reversed with respect to the other, counting means secured to said magazine for counting the number of record reproductions irom said film, and means for detachably securing said magazine to the machine in reversible positions to permit the reproduction of each of said series of records.

iii. In a picture projecting machine, the cornbination of a magazine, film spools therein, film on said spools and having a plurality of laterally disposed series of pictures, counting means secured to said magazine for counting the number oi film projections, means for detachably securing said magazine to the projecting machine in a plurality or" difierent positions each of which is adapted to permit the projection of one of said picture series, and means mounted on saidmagazine for determining the proper position oi said magazine on the projecting machine with reference to the particular series of pictures which is in position to be projected.

3.7. In a film machine, the combination of a magazine, film spools therein, him on said spools and having two laterally disposed series of records one of which is reversed with respect to the other, counting means secured to said magazine for counting the number of record reproductions, means for detachably securing said magazine to the reproducing machine in reversible positions to permit the reproduction of each or said series of records, and guarding means cooperatively associated with said magazine and with the reproducing machine for preventing assembly of said magazine on the reproducing machine in improper position for reproduction of said iilrn.

18. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, film spools therein, filrn on said spools and having two laterally disposed series of pictures one of which is reversed with respect to the other, means for detachablyseaooaoaa curing said magazine to the projecting machine in reversible 'positions to permit the projection of each of said picture series, and guarding means cooperatively associated with said magazine and with the projecting machine for preventing an.

empty spool in said magazine from being placed on the projecting machine in iilm feeding position.

19. In a film machine, the combination of a magazine, a pair of him reels therein, each having detachable drive couplingsat opposite sides thereof, a friction spindle and a driving spindle on the machine and spaced apart the same distance as the centers of said reels, and means whereby said magazine may be reversibly mounted on the machine, and either of said reels engaged with said driving spindle, the alternate reel being engaged with said friction spindle.

20. he a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, a pair of film reels therein, each having detachable drive couplings at opposite sides thereof, a pair of spaced sleeves mounted in said magazine, a pair of locking studs on the projecting machine and spaced apart the same distance as said sleeves, a friction spindle and a driving spindle on the projecting machine and spaced apart the same distance as the centers of said reels, whereby said magazine may be reversibly mounted on said locking studs, and either of said reels engaged with said driving spindle, the alternate reel being engaged with said friction spindle.

21. In a film machine, the combination of a magazine, a pair of film reels therein, each having detachable drive couplings at opposite sides thereof, a friction spindle and a driving spindle on the projecting machine and spaced apart the same distance as the centers of said reels, means whereby said magazine may be reversibly mounted on the machine and either of said reels engaged with said driving spindle, the alternate reel being engaged with said friction spindle, a switch on the machine and a film-operated switching device carried by said magazine and detachably engageable with said switch.

22. In a picture projecting machine, the combination of a magazine, a pair of him reels therein, each having det'achable drive couplings at opposite sides thereof, a friction spindle and a driving spindle on the projecting machine and spaced apart the same distance as the centers of said reels, means whereby said magazine may be reversibly mounted on the projecting machine 

